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Tag: neuroscience

  • This Week in Neuroscience

TWiN 37: Microglia at the crossroads

  • January 23, 2023
  • Tagged as: microglia, neurobiology, neuroinflammation, neuroscience, nomenclature

TWiN reviews the field of microgial research, which has advanced in recent decades but is constrained by nomenclature that is necessary but often implies specific functions. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Jason Shepherd, Timothy Cheung, and Vivianne…

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  • This Week in Neuroscience

TWiN 36: Unbearable neurologists

  • January 3, 2023
  • Tagged as: Alzheimer's disease, brain, nervous system, neurobiology, neurology, neuron, neuroscience

TWiN answers listener questions about Alzheimer’s disease, glaucoma and the microbiota, Dravet’s Syndrome, schizophrenia, brain development, and chips implanted in the human brain.

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  • This Week in Neuroscience

TWiN 35: Neuromodulation in treatment-resistant depression

  • December 6, 2022
  • Tagged as: brain, close-loop neuromodulation, depression, major depressive disorder, nervous system, neurobiology, neurology, neuron, neuroscience, psychiatric disorder

Jason and Tim review the use of an implanted chronic deep brain sensing and stimulation device to carry out biomarker-driven closed-loop therapy that resulted in a rapid and sustained improvement in depression. 

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  • This Week in Neuroscience

TWiN 34: Microglia vital after spinal cord injury

  • September 30, 2022
  • Tagged as: astrocyte, macrophage, microglia, neurobiology, neurology, neuroscience, RNA sequencing, spinal cord injury

TWiN explains how central nervous system resident macrophages known as microglia coordinate cellular interactions during spinal cord repair in mice.

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  • This Week in Neuroscience

TWiN 33: Viruses leaving the brain

  • August 31, 2022
  • Tagged as: herpesvirus, Japanese encephalitis virus, meningeal lymphatic vessel, neurobiology, neurology, neuroscience, neurotropic virus, rabies virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, viral, virology, virus, Zika virus

TWiN describes how neurotropic viruses leave the brain via meningeal lymphatic vessels located dorsally and basally beneath the skull.

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  • This Week in Neuroscience

TWiN 32: Relearning how to move after stroke

  • August 2, 2022
  • Tagged as: cortex, neurobiology, neuroscience, recovery after stroke, striatum, stroke

TWiN reviews how, in a mouse stroke model, recovery of movement is associated with the remaining cortex and the striatum coordinating their activity together.

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  • This Week in Neuroscience

TWiN 31: HIV-1 co-receptor shapes window for memory linking

  • June 29, 2022
  • Tagged as: CCR5, maraviroc, memory, memory linking, neurobiology, neuron, neuroscience

TWiN explains the observation that in mice, the HIV-1 co-receptor CCR5 closes the temporal window for linking different memories.

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  • This Week in Neuroscience

TWiN 30: Gut to brain spread of alpha-synuclein in Parkinson’s disease

  • May 24, 2022
  • Tagged as: alpha-synuclein, Braak hypothesis, Lewy body, neurobiology, neurodegenerative disease, neuron, neuroscience, vagus nerve

TWiN describes experiments demonstrating that gut injection of alpha-synuclein fibrils in mice converts endogenous alpha-synuclein to a pathologic form that spreads to the brain and leads to features of Parkinson’s disease.

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  • This Week in Neuroscience

TWiN 29: Astrocytes close the critical period

  • May 2, 2022
  • Tagged as: brain circuit, critical period, metalloproteinase, neurobiology, neuroscience, synapse, visual cortex, visual plasticity

TWiN explains the finding that in the mouse visual cortex, astrocytes are key elements in the experience-dependent wiring of brain circuits.

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  • This Week in Neuroscience

TWiN 28: Oligodendrocyte performance enhancing exosomes

  • April 4, 2022
  • Tagged as: deacetylation, energy production, exosome, mitochondria, neurology, neuroscience, oligodendrocyte, sirtuin

TWiN reveals how oligodendrocytes enhance axonal energy metabolism by transcellular delivery of a protein, SIRT2, that deacetylates mitochondrial proteins.

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