TWiV 968: A spillover waiting in the wings
TWiV 968: A spillover waiting in the wingsDecember 25, 2022TWiV reviews eukaryotic viruses recovered from ancient permafrost, a mistake made by scientists on Omicron origins, and close relatives of MERS-CoV from bats that bind ACE2 for entry into cells. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker Click arrow to playDownload TWiV 968 (57 MB .mp3, 95 min)Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Support MicrobeTV with a Spike t-shirt (Vaccinated.us) with promo code MicrobeTV Positions with the Mosquito and Vector Control Division in Harris County Public Health (one and two) Ancient eukaryotic viruses from permafrost (bioRxiv) We made a mistake (Science) Bat MERS-like CoV bind ACE2 (Nature) Letters read on TWiV 968 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Dickson – Alto Saxophone: Paul Desmond/Cannonball Adderley/Charlie Parker/Randal Despommier: Paul Desmond: Signature album: Paul Desmond:The Complete RCA Victor Recordings (1961-1965). Signature song: Take Five (Dave Brubeck Quartet). Cannonball Adderley: Signature album: The Cannonball Adderley Quintet: Mercy, Mercy, Mercy. Signature song: Mercy, Mercy, Mercy. Charlie Parker (Bird): played in many groups: Signature album: Dizzy Gillespie and His Allstars. Signature song: A Night In Tunisia; Randal Despommier: Signature album: A Midsummer Odyssey. Signature song: I Hope It’s Spring For You.Brianne – How a See-Through Frog Hides its Red Blood from Predators (also covered in The Atlantic)Rich – Mindfulness in Plain English by Ven. Henepola GunaratanaVincent – Unveiling skin macrophage dynamics explains both tattoo persistence and strenuous removal Listener Picks Rona – WKCR, FM 89.9 Columbia‘s radio stationAlan – XKCD Proxy Variable Intro music is by Ronald JenkeesSend your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv [...] Read more...
TWiV 967: Clinical update with Dr. Daniel Griffin
TWiV 967: Clinical update with Dr. Daniel GriffinDecember 24, 2022In his weekly clinical update Dr. Griffin discusses how immunological dysfunction persists for 8 months following initial mild-to-moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection, prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza coinfection and clinical characteristics among children and adolescents aged <18 years who were hospitalized or died with Influenza, WHO estimates of excess mortality associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, reconsideration of anti-nucleocapsid IgG antibody as a marker of SARS-CoV-2 infection post-vaccination for mild COVID-19 patients, impact of SARS-CoV-2 variants on inpatient clinical outcome, clinical features and burden of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adolescents, similar SARS-CoV-2 Ct value distributions in anterior nares versus nasopharyngeal samples from symptomatic children during Delta and Omicron surges, early estimates of bivalent mRNA vaccine effectiveness in preventing COVID-19, effect of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir vs Placebo on COVID-19─related hospitalizations and other medical visits, COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma outpatient therapy to prevent outpatient hospitalization, bacterial co-infection and empirical antibiotic therapy in patients with COVID-19, association of time to surgery after COVID-19 infection with risk of postoperative cardiovascular morbidity, demonstration of stable clusters of symptoms in long COVID, and how longitudinal analysis of t cells in COVID-19 survivors with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 reveals associations between individual symptoms and inflammatory indexes. Click arrow to playDownload TWiV 967 (30 MB .mp3, 51 min)Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Immunological dysfunction persists for 8 months following SARS-CoV-2 infection (Nature) Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza coinfection and clinical characteristics (CDC) WHO estimates of excess mortality associated with the COVID-19 pandemic (Nature) Reconsideration of anti-nucleocapsid IgG antibody as a marker of SARS-CoV-2 infection (OFID) Impact of SARS-CoV-2 variants on inpatient clinical outcome (CID) Clinical features and burden of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (OFID) Similar SARS-CoV-2 Ct value distributions in samples from symptomatic children (JPIDS) Early estimates of bivalent mRNA vaccine effectiveness in preventing COVID-19 (CDC) Effect of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir vs placebo on COVID-19─Related hospitalizations (OFID) COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma outpatient therapy to prevent outpatient hospitalization (MedRxiv) Bacterial co-infection and empirical antibiotic therapy in patients with COVID-19 (OFID) Association of time to surgery after COVID-19 infection (JAMA) Demonstration of stable clusters of symptoms in long COVID (OFID) Paxlovid patient eligbiliity screening checklist (FDA) Longitudinal analysis of T cells in COVID-19 survivors with post-acute sequelae (OFID) Contribute to our MicrobeTV fundraiser at PWB Dr. Griffin’s treatment guide (pdf) Letters read on TWiV 967 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald JenkeesSend your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv [...] Read more...
Infectious Disease Puscast #17
Infectious Disease Puscast #17December 19, 2022On episode #17 of the Infectious Disease Puscast, Daniel and Sara review the infectious disease literature for the previous two weeks, 11/24/22 – 12/8/22. Hosts: Daniel Griffin and Sara Dong Click arrow to playDownload Puscast 017 (19 MB .mp3, 32 min)Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of Puscast! Links for this episode Antiretroviral drugs for treatment and prevention of HIV infection in adults (JAMA) Outcomes of short versus long duration of antibiotic therapy for residual osteomyelitis in diabetic foot infection (Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Rectal culture-based versus empirical antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent infectious complications in men undergoing transrectal prostate biopsy (CID) Outbreak of Burkholderia stabilis infections associated with contaminated nonsterile multiuse ultrasound gel (CDC) Factors associated with receiving longer than recommended therapy among culture-negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients (OFID) Seasonality of healthcare-associated Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (ASHE) Rezafungin versus caspofungin for treatment of candidaemia and invasive candidiasis (The Lancet) Characteristics of antifungal utilization for hospitalized children in the United States (ASHE) Cutaneous blastomycosis presenting as a nonhealing wound (NIH) Evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of fungla profile (OFID) Parasitic infection increases risk-taking in a social, intermediate host carnivore (Nature) Efficacy and safety of acoziborole in patients with human African trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (The Lancet) Simple nodular cutaneous Leishmaniasis caused by Autochthonous Leishmania orientalis (AJTMH) Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases (NEJM) Music is by Ronald Jenkees [...] Read more...
TWiV 964: Clinical update with Dr. Daniel Griffin
TWiV 964: Clinical update with Dr. Daniel GriffinDecember 17, 2022In his weekly clinical update Dr. Griffin discusses progress toward poliomyelitis eradication in Afghanistan, reduced risk for Mpox after receipt of 1 or 2 doses of JYNNEOS vaccine compared with risk among unvaccinated persons, reduced airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 BA.1 Omicron virus in Syrian hamsters, authorized updated (Bivalent) COVID-19 vaccines for children down to 6 months of age, low neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.75.2, BQ.1.1, and XBB.1 by parental mRNA vaccine or a BA.5-bivalent booster, efficacy of antiviral agents against omicron subvariants BQ.1.1 and XBB, incidence of viral rebound after treatment with Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir and Molnupiravir, and the effectiveness of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine in the prevention of post–COVID-19 conditions. Click arrow to playDownload TWiV 964 (25 MB .mp3, 42 min)Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Progress toward Poliomyelitis eradication in Afghanistan (CDC) 1:42 Reduced risk for Mpox after receipt of 1 or 2 Doses of JYNNEOS vaccine (CDC) 10:30 Reduced airborne transmission of BA.1 Omicron virus in Syrian hamsters (PLOS) 19:22 Authorized bivalent vaccines for children down to 6 months of age (FDA) 22:40 Low neutralization of BA.2.75.2, BQ.1.1, and XBB.1 by parental mRNA vaccine (Nature) 23:49 Efficacy of antiviral agents against Omicron subvariants BQ.1.1 and XBB (NEJM) 28:02 Viral rebound after treatment with Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir and Molnupiravir (JAMA) 29:37 Paxlovid patient eligbiliity screening checklist (FDA) Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in prevention of post–infection conditions (ASHE) 31:31 Contribute to our MicrobeTV fundraiser at PWB 34:27 Dr. Griffin’s treatment guide (pdf) Letters read on TWiV 964 34:56 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald JenkeesSend your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv [...] Read more...
TWiV 961: Clinical update with Dr. Daniel Griffin
TWiV 961: Clinical update with Dr. Daniel GriffinDecember 10, 2022In his weekly clinical update Dr. Griffin discusses Mpox (formerly monkeypox) in women: epidemiological features and clinical characteristics of mpox cases in Spain, April to November 2022, triage of patients with Ebola virus disease, SARS-CoV-2 serology and self-reported infection among adults, serological markers of SARS-CoV-2 infection; anti-nucleocapsid antibody positivity may not be the ideal marker of natural infection in vaccinated individuals, sensitivity of anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein antibody for breakthrough infections during the epidemic of the Omicron variants, effect of wearing glasses on risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 in the community, and data-driven identification of post-acute SARS-CoV-2 infection subphenotypes. Click arrow to playDownload TWiV 961 (17 MB .mp3, 28 min)Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Mpox in women: Epidemiological features and clinical characteristics of cases (Eurosurveillance) 4:24 Pox in Central Africa (PBS Newshour) 5:15 Triage of patients with Ebola virus disease (The Lancet) 7:22 SARS-CoV-2 serology and self-reported infection among adults (CDC) 11:03 Serological markers of SARS-CoV-2 infection (JID) 12:13 Sensitivity of anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein antibody (Journal of infection) 12:43 Effect of wearing glasses on risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 in the community (JAMA) 15:19 Paxlovid patient eligbiliity screening checklist (FDA) Data-driven identification of post-acute SARS-CoV-2 infection subphenotypes (Nature) 19:04 Contribute to our MicrobeTV fundraiser at PWB 21:08 Dr. Griffin’s treatment guide (pdf) Letters read on TWiV 961 21:44 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald JenkeesSend your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv [...] Read more...
TWiP 211: Monoclonal against malaria in Mali
TWiP 211: Monoclonal against malaria in MaliDecember 7, 2022TWiP solves the case of the Man from Hong Kong with Multiple Comorbidities, and discuss safety and efficacy of a monoclonal antibody against malaria in Mali. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Daniel Griffin, and Christina Naula Click arrow to playDownload TWiP #211 (51 MB .mp3, 84 minutes) Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Links for this episode Monoclonal antibody against malaria trial (NEJM) Hero: Stephen Hoffman Letters read on TWiP 211 Become a patron of TWiP Case Study for TWiP 211 Man in his 20s originally from Mali who comes in with a dermatological complaint about 1 mo after he returned from spending time in Bamako, Mali with friends and family. Reports this has been going on for months and he is getting very frustrated as he is not getting any answers. He relates that this started with itching over a “blackhead” resembling a pimple that was itchy and very small. Over the subsequent months it started to get larger with ongoing itchiness but no pain. No erythema or warmth in the area. Other lesions developed in addition to the first one. There was no drainage from the skin lesions. He started putting triple antibiotic ointment on his lesions that he bought from a pharmacy. He then went to his primary doctor who prescribed a topical medication and PO antibiotics but this did not help.  He reports that when in Mali he stayed in his house with his parents, siblings, grandmother and other extended relatives – more than 40-50 people under one roof. food made by his family, reports consumption of only cooked meat, no uncooked meat. Ate salads and uncooked vegetables. No contact with any animals, no pets in the home. Denies any contact with any pets or farm animals such as pigs, cows, horses, cattle. Denies swimming in any lakes or ponds. No hiking or outdoor activities. No riding horses. Was sexually active in Mali with women and is HIV negative.  On examination he has a 10 cm lesion over anterior L thigh, with verrucous and vegetative appearance with yellow crusting over central area and heaped up lesion, not undermined. No erythema, warmth or drainage. Has a similar smaller lesion measuring about 3 cm on R flank. Has a 3rd smaller lesion with some mild crusting and about 2cm over R posterior thigh. He ends up getting a biopsy that reveals: HISTOLOGIC FEATURES That ARE NOT DIAGNOSTIC.  THERE IS NO EVIDENCE OF any specific organisms.  THE EXOGENOUS MATERIAL WHICH COULD REPRESENT SOME TYPE OF FOREIGN BODY IS NOT IDENTIFIABLE AS PART OF A FLY OR ARTHROPOD, NOR IS IT TYPICAL OF A SPLINTER AND ITS PRESENCE IN THE SPECIMEN MAKES IT PROBLEMATIC AS TO ITS SIGNIFICANCE. MICROSCOPIC DESCRIPTION: WITHIN THE DERMIS THERE IS A DENSE DIFFUSE MIXED CELL INFLAMMATORY INFILTRATE INCLUDING MANY PLASMA CELLS AND NEUTROPHILS. THERE IS EXOGENOUS MATERIAL.  PAS, GMS, FITE AND GRAM STAINS ARE NEGATIVE FOR INFECTIOUS ORGANISMS. Additional testing is ordered that leads to the diagnosis. He is planning on returning to Mali and perhaps sooner than originally planned if he does not get a diagnosis since he thinks the doctors in Mali would know what he has. Send your case diagnosis, questions and comments to twip@microbe.tv Music by Ronald Jenkees [...] Read more...
TWiV 959: Clinical update with Dr. Daniel Griffin
TWiV 959: Clinical update with Dr. Daniel GriffinDecember 3, 2022In his weekly clinical update Dr. Griffin discusses effectiveness of influenza vaccination of pregnant women for prevention of maternal and early infant Influenza-associated hospitalizations in South Africa, a multivalent nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccine against all known influenza virus subtypes, single and 2-dose vaccinations with modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic induce durable B cell memory responses comparable to replicating smallpox vaccines, whether the risk of still and preterm birth is affected by the timing of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy, medical masks versus N95 respirators for preventing COVID-19 among health care workers, alarming antibody evasion properties of rising SARS-CoV-2 BQ and XBB subvariants, real-world evidence of novel treatments for COVID-19 on mortality: a nationwide comparative cohort study of hospitalized patients in the 1st, 2nd, 3rdand 4th wave in the Netherlands, and effectiveness and safety of extended thromboprophylaxis in post-discharge patients with COVID-19. Click arrow to playDownload TWiV 959 (26 MB .mp3, 43 min)Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Effectiveness of Influenza vaccination in pregnant women (OFID) 6:23 Multivalent nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccine against Influenza subtypes (Science) 7:56 Single and 2-dose vaccinations with modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (JID) 10:00 Is the risk of still and preterm birth affected by the timing of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection? (AJOG) 12:00 Medical masks versus N95 respirators for preventing COVID-19 among health care workers (ACP) 14:24 Bebtelovimab fact sheet for providers (FDA) Alarming antibody evasion properties of rising SARS-CoV-2 BQ and XBB subvariants (bioRxiV) 26:59 Paxlovid patient eligbiliity screening checklist (FDA) Real-world evidence of novel treatments for COVID-19 on mortality (OFID) 31:04 Effectiveness and safety of extended thromboprophylaxis in post-discharge patients with COVID-19 (Thrombosis Research) 38:10 Contribute to our MicrobeTV fundraiser at PWB 41:17 Dr. Griffin’s treatment guide (pdf) Letters read on TWiV 959 41:34 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald JenkeesSend your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv [...] Read more...
Infectious Disease Puscast #16
Infectious Disease Puscast #16November 29, 2022On episode #16 of the Infectious Disease Puscast, Daniel and Sara review the infectious disease literature for the previous two weeks, 11/9/22 – 11/23/22. Hosts: Daniel Griffin and Sara Dong Click arrow to playDownload Puscast 016 (19 MB .mp3, 32 min)Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of Puscast! Links for this episode Recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices for measles, mumps, rubella (CDC) Bacteremia with anaerobic bacteria and association with colorectal cancer (CID) Factors impacting the yield of image-guided biopsy in native vertebral osteomyelitis (OFID) Development of a clinical prediction score to inform tuberculosis treatment among children with HIV (OFID)  First detection and molecular identification of Rickettsia massiliae, a human pathogen (PLOS) Short-course vs long-course antibiotic therapy for children with nonsevere community-acquired pneumonia (JAMA) The timing of preoperative urinary tract infection influences the risk of prosthetic joint infection following primary total hip and knee arthroplasty (JOA) Recurrent candidemia: trends and risk factors among persons residing in 4 US States (OFID) Spread of Sporothrix spp through respiratory droplets from infected cats (Medical Mycology) Comparison of mold active triazoles as primary antifungal prophylaxis in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (CID) Geographic distribution of dimorphic mycoses in the United States (CID) Knowledge, experiences, and practices of women affected by female genital schistosomiasis in rural Madagascar (PLOS NTDs) Dynamic immune profile in French Toxoplasmosis patients  White-Tailed deer are susceptible to the agent of classical sheep scrapie after experimental oronasal exposure (JID) The Lanzhou Brucella Leak: The largest laboratory accident in the history of Infectious Diseases (CID) Music is by Ronald Jenkees [...] Read more...